Aircraft Comparison

Compare aircraft, propulsion architectures, performance and technical specifications side by side.

ALIA-250
alia-250
Lift+cruise: four dedicated lift propellers plus one fixed pusher propeller for cruise; lift rotors stop in forward flight. Shares its power system with Beta's CX300 fixed-wing variant.
5
Four dedicated lift propellers plus a cruise pusher; the platform shares core electric-propulsion technology with CX300.
Beta Technologies
beta-technologies
Beta Technologies
Aridge Land Aircraft Carrier
aridge-land-aircraft-carrier
Modular flying car: battery-electric two-seat multirotor air module (X3-F) with distributed electric propulsion, carried and recharged by a six-wheel range-extended electric ground vehicle.
Distributed electric propulsion with single-point-failure safety compliance stated by the manufacturer; certification-level detail is not public.
Modular flying car: two-seat eVTOL air module carried and recharged by a range-extended ground vehicle.
Aridge (XPeng)
aridge
Aridge (XPeng)
Ascendance ATEA
ascendance-atea
Hybrid-electric lift+cruise VTOL: eight electric lift fans embedded in the wings plus nose and tail propellers, with no tilting rotors; batteries power vertical flight and a fuel engine powers cruise (STERNA).
10
Distributed lift fans and a hybrid energy system with separate battery and fuel sources; certification-level redundancy detail is not public.
Hybrid-electric VTOL with wing-embedded lift fans and no tilting parts.
Ascendance Flight Technologies
ascendance-flight-technologies
Ascendance Flight Technologies
CX300
cx300
All-electric conventional-takeoff-and-landing airplane using one H500A electric pusher motor and a five-blade fixed-pitch propeller; no vertical-lift propulsion system.
1
BETA describes the H500A motor as dual-redundant and its battery packs as incorporating redundant protections against thermal runaway, communication faults and non-uniform discharge. The CX300 emergency guide identifies five high-voltage battery packs plus dual DC/DC and engine channels; full aircraft-level failure architecture is not fully public.
Conventional electric takeoff-and-landing architecture: one pusher motor, no vertical-lift propulsion system.
Beta Technologies
beta-technologies
Beta Technologies
EH216-S
ehang-eh216-s
Pilotless multicopter eVTOL with 16 independent electric motors and propellers arranged as coaxial pairs on eight arms.
16
Distributed propulsion plus redundant flight-control and power-system functions; EHang describes multi-system voting and fail-safe monitoring.
CAAC-certified autonomous multicopter; regulatory context differs materially from FAA/EASA piloted powered-lift programs.
EHang
ehang
EHang
EL9
electra-el9
Hybrid-electric blown-lift airplane using eight distributed electric propulsion units along the wing, four independent battery packs and a Safran TG600 turbogenerator supplying onboard electrical power.
8
Four independent battery packs support distributed electric propulsion; eight EPUs distribute thrust along the wing. Electra also uses fly-by-wire flight controls. Full certification-level common-mode and system-partitioning detail is not fully public.
Ultra-short takeoff and landing uses distributed blown lift rather than vertical flight.
Electra
electra
Electra
Elroy Air Chaparral
elroy-air-chaparral
Uncrewed series hybrid-electric lift+cruise VTOL: eight vertical-lift propellers on wing booms and four forward cruise propellers, powered by a battery charged in flight by a turbine-driven generator.
12
Distributed electric lift with eight independent lift propulsors plus four cruise propulsors; manufacturer cites safety through propulsor redundancy. Power-system redundancy details are not published.
Uncrewed series-hybrid cargo VTOL; turbine generator removes charging-infrastructure dependency.
Elroy Air
elroy-air
Elroy Air
Eve 100
eve-100
All-electric lift+cruise eVTOL with eight dedicated vertical-lift rotors and a separate rear pusher system powered by dual electric motors; fixed wing carries cruise lift.
10
Eight lift rotors plus dual-motor pusher architecture; full certification-level common-mode and electrical partitioning details are not fully public.
ANAC-led certification with FAA engagement and EASA validation distinguishes its regulatory path.
Eve Air Mobility
eve-air-mobility
Eve Air Mobility
Generation 6
wisk-generation-6
All-electric autonomous eVTOL with a fixed high wing and 12 propellers on six under-wing booms: the six forward propellers tilt to provide cruise thrust, while the six aft propellers are fixed lift units that stop and lock in cruise (a tilt + lift layout).
12
Autonomous flight architecture with human ground oversight; Wisk describes certifiable redundant systems derived from five earlier aircraft generations.
Autonomy is part of the certification concept rather than a later operating upgrade.
Wisk Aero
wisk-aero
Wisk Aero
Midnight
midnight
12 propellers (Distributed Electric Propulsion): 6 tilt-propellers (5 blades each) for vertical lift and forward cruise, plus 6 fixed propellers (2 blades each) dedicated to vertical flight only.
12
12 electric motors across 6 independent battery packs, with no single critical point of failure.
Separate tilt-propeller and vertical-lift propeller sets in a 12-motor distributed architecture.
Archer Aviation
archer-aviation
Archer Aviation
S4
s4
Six all-tilting propellers (Distributed Electric Propulsion); six dual-wound electric motors -- 4 tilt with the nacelle, 2 via linkage. 236 kW peak power per motor.
6
Each of the 6 units carries two independently wound motor windings sharing one housing, rather than a fully separate motor per redundancy path.
All six propellers tilt; dual-wound motors provide two electrical winding paths per propulsion unit.
Joby Aviation
joby-aviation
Joby Aviation
Valo
valo
Eight electric propulsion units (EPUs); redesigned wing/propeller architecture succeeding the earlier VX4 tilt-rotor layout.
8
Eight liquid-cooled underfloor battery packs; each EPU carries multiple electrically isolated power lanes.
Eight- EPU architecture with isolated power lanes and a UK SC-VTOL certification context.
Vertical Aerospace
vertical-aerospace
Vertical Aerospace
aerofugia-ae200-100
aerofugia-ae200-100-caac
CAAC
Active CAAC certification and full-scale flight-test program for the AE200-100; no issued Type Certificate identified.
Compliance testing
midnight
archer-midnight-faa
FAA
Archer reports FAA Phase 3 closed in April 2026; Phase 4 formal compliance testing and analysis is in progress.
Compliance testing
aura-era
aura-era-easa
EASA
AURA AERO states that ERA certification is in progress while the first full-scale prototype is being prepared for testing. PropulsionWatch has not identified a regulator-issued Type Certificate or public regulator stage equivalent to approval.
Application active
autoflight-v2000cg-carryall
autoflight-v2000cg-carryall-caac
CAAC
CAAC Type Certificate issued March 2024; Production Certificate issued December 2024; an individual Airworthiness Certificate and delivery were reported in July 2025. Indonesia issued a VTC in June 2026.
Issued / approved
alia-250
beta-alia-250-faa
FAA
FAA powered-lift Type Certification program remains active. BETA’s Q2 2026 update reports formal FAA testing on the common H500A motor and says FAA acceptance of the CX300 compliance requirements creates meaningful carryover to the A250 program.
Compliance testing
cx300
beta-cx300-faa
FAA
FAA Part 23 Type Certification in progress. In Q2 2026 BETA closed the Requirements Definition phase after FAA acceptance of the CX300’s complete set of compliance requirements.
Basis established
eflyer-2
bye-eflyer-2-faa
FAA
FAA Part 23 Amendment 64 certification program is active. Bye states that design and test plans have been accepted, and the prototype received experimental airworthiness clearance in September 2026 to begin electric flight testing.
Application active
cityairbus-nextgen
cityairbus-nextgen-easa
EASA
CityAirbus NextGen remains publicly presented by Airbus as a four-seat all-electric eVTOL prototype and technology platform. PropulsionWatch has not identified a current active Type Certificate application or regulator-issued certification basis.
Not started / unknown
ehang-eh216-s
ehang-eh216-s-caac
CAAC
CAAC Type Certificate issued October 2023; Production Certificate issued 2024; standard airworthiness certificates issued for delivered aircraft. In March 2025 two operators received CAAC Air Operator Certificates authorizing paid human-carrying services at designated operating sites.
Issued / approved
ehang-vt35
ehang-vt35-caac
CAAC
CAAC type-certification project in certification-basis definition. EHang reported discussions on special conditions, safety objectives and performance requirements, with test and avionics work continuing.
Application active
electra-el9
electra-el9-faa
FAA
FAA Part 23 Type Certification application active. Electra reports that FAA closure of the G-1 Issue Paper on 10 Jul 2026 established the EL9 certification basis; full-scale EL9 flight testing has not yet begun.
Basis established
eve-100
eve-100-anac
ANAC
ANAC remains primary certification authority. Updated Eve 100 airworthiness criteria were consulted on in July-August 2026; EASA validation was applied for in July. The engineering prototype began partial transition testing on 3 Aug 2026.
Basis established
heart-es-30
heart-es-30-faa
FAA
Heart describes the ES-36 (successor to the ES-30, unveiled 23 September 2026) as being developed for FAA Part 25 type certification. The X1 demonstrator flew in August 2026 under an Experimental-category special airworthiness certificate; that is not type certification.
Application active
cavorite-x7
horizon-cavorite-x7-tcca
TCCA
Full-scale Cavorite X7 manufacturing and certification preparation are active, but PropulsionWatch has not identified a current regulator-issued certification basis or accepted type-certificate application.
Not started / unknown
s4
joby-s4-faa
FAA
FAA powered-lift Type Certification remains in progress. Joby’s June 2026 Form 10-Q says the first three stages are completed or substantially completed, Stage 4 Testing & Analysis is approximately 75% complete, and Stage 5 Show & Verify is progressing.
Regulator verification
skydrive-sd-05
skydrive-sd-05-jcab
JCAB
JCAB issued the SD-05 G-1 certification basis in February 2025; flight testing and certification planning continue for the current three-seat aircraft.
Basis established
tcab-e20
tcab-e20-caac
CAAC
CAAC accepted the E20 Type Certificate application in October 2023. Initial certification and AEG reviews were reported, with piloted flight testing and compliance work continuing.
Application active
valo
vertical-aerospace-valo-easa
UK CAA
UK CAA-led Valo certification program with EASA co-operation; prototype transition-flight testing is active. Critical Design Review is expected to establish the certifiable design baseline before certification-conforming aircraft are built and tested.
Application active
volant-ve25-100
volant-ve25-100-caac
CAAC
Active CAAC type-certification project with full-scale flight-test activity reported; no issued Type Certificate identified.
Compliance testing
volocity
volocity-easa
EASA
VoloCity remains presented as on an EASA certification path following Diamond Aircraft's 2025 reorganization; no issued EASA Type Certificate identified.
Paused / restructured
wisk-generation-6
wisk-generation-6-faa
FAA
Active FAA Type Certification project for Generation 6. Two flight-test aircraft were flying by May 2026; September 2026 FAA Technical Center simulation work advanced autonomous operational integration but was not Type Certificate issuance.
Application active
Scroll horizontally to compare →
AircraftArchitecturePropulsion units / EPUsRedundancyCertificationWhat distinguishes itProfile
Six all-tilting propellers (DEP); six dual-wound electric motors.6Two independently wound motor windings in each propulsion unit.FAAStage 4 Testing & Analysis ~75% complete; Stage 5 Show & Verify progressingAll six propellers tilt; dual-wound motors provide two electrical winding paths per unit.↗
12-propeller DEP: 6 tilt propellers plus 6 fixed vertical-lift propellers.1212 motors across 6 independent battery packs; no single critical point of failure.FAAPhase 3 closed; Phase 4 formal compliance testing in progressSeparate tilt-propeller and vertical-lift propeller sets in a 12-motor architecture.↗
Eight EPUs; redesigned wing/propeller architecture succeeding the earlier VX4 layout.8Eight liquid-cooled underfloor battery packs; multiple electrically isolated power lanes per EPU.EASAUK CAA-led SC-VTOL certification; prototype transition testing activeEight- EPU architecture with isolated power lanes and an SC-VTOL Category Enhanced certification context.↗
Lift+cruise: four dedicated lift propellers plus one fixed pusher propeller.5Not specified in the current structured record.FAAFAA powered-lift Type Certification program active; common H500A testing underwayDedicated lift rotors stop in forward flight while a separate pusher provides cruise thrust.↗
All-electric CTOL: one H500A pusher motor driving a fixed-pitch propeller; no vertical-lift propulsion system.1Dual-redundant H500A motor; five high-voltage battery packs with redundant protections and dual engine/DC-DC channels.FAAFAA Part 23; Requirements Definition phase closedConventional takeoff/landing profile with no vertical-lift phase, while sharing power-system components with ALIA-250.↗

Comparison analysis

Long-form technical comparisons and certification analysis.

Beta Technologies vs. Vertical Aerospace: Comparing Battery-Electric Certification Timelines

Beta and Vertical distribute certification risk differently. Beta is sequencing the CX300 ahead of the powered-lift A250, while Vertical has re-baselined Valo Type Certification to 2029. The dates and sequencing remain company plans rather than regulatory commitments.

Beta Technologies vs. Vertical Aerospace: Comparing Battery-Electric Certification Timelines

Certification Progress: Joby Aviation and Archer Aviation

Joby and Archer report meaningful FAA type-certification progress using different internal stage frameworks. The comparable evidence is regulator-accepted compliance work, conformity testing and issued approvals rather than stage numbers.

Certification Progress: Joby Aviation and Archer Aviation